swimming pool winterisers – a cost comparison

August 23rd, 2011
Every autumn pool owners buy their winterising chemicals but how many of them study the label and take note of the recommended doses?


Winterising chemicals can come in 5 litre, 3 litre, 2 litre or 1 litre bottles and they all have different pool volumes that they can dose.


Despite what it may say on the lablel, winterisers will last for about 3 months so to get 6 months of protection you will need to dose your pool twice. Once in October and again in January.


The contents are mostly water with the “good stuff”, the algicide, in varying concentrations. So to cut through the confusion we have come up with our pound cost dosage comparison. We have standardised our pool volume to 10,000 gallons and our longevity to one 3 month span.


You don’t have to use winter algicide, some summer algicides will do the winterising job just as well so we have included them too.


Reading across the table Perfect Super Concentrate comes in a 1 litre bottle and will treat 26,000 gallons. That means you need  0.4 litres to treat 10,000 gallons. At a cost of £24.00 for 1 litre that means it costs £9.60 to treat 10,000 gallons. Compare that to the popular Kleen Pool Brand and you’ll see it costs £22.50 to treat 10,000 gallons.  Worse still is Clear n Clean at £30.00 per 10,000 gallons.  That is why we don’t sell them!


Chemical name Container size Gallons container will treat Litres required to dose 10,000 gallons Container
Cost
Cost per 10,000 gallons
Perfect Super Concentrate 1 litre 26,000 0.4 £24.00 £9.60
Champion Winterclear 5 litres 12,000 4.2 £21.00 £17.64
Blue Horizons Wintertime 5 litres 15,000 3.3 £21.00 £13.86
Fi-Clor Winteriser 3 litres 19,000 1.6 25.00 £13.15
Kleen Pool 1 litre 5,000 2.0 £11.25 £22.50
Clear n Clean 1 litre 6,000 1.6 £18.00 £30.00
Blue Horizons Algimax 2 litres 20,000 1.0 £18.50 £9.75


We sell the top 3 on the list. Two dedicated winterisers (Perfect Super Concentrate and Fi-Clor winteriser) and the all year rounder Blue Horizons Algimax Eliminator.

What is Available Chlorine?

August 4th, 2011

On the label of most swimming pool chlorine products you will see a reference to “Available Chlorine”. This short article will attempt to explain what that is.

In its natural state of 100% purity chlorine is a gas but  swimming pool chlorine is often refered to as “granular chlorine” or “shock chlorine” or “chlorine tablets” “or “liquid chlorine”.  In order to get from a highly poisonous gas to a stable white powder you have to add stuff. The more stuff you add the lower the content of chlorine becomes until it is low enough to remain stable in the container and for general handling.

Chlorine Tablets contain chlorine in the form of trichloroisocyanuric acid (short name “trichlor”). This is the most concentrated form of swimming pool chlorine with a 90% available chlorine level.

Next comes Shock Chlorine which is calcium hypochorite (short name “cal hypo”). The strength of this can vary, as a minimum it is 65% available chlorine, but some of the fi-clor  superfast blends are 75% available chlorine.

Granular chlorine has a few different chemical names but is best known as sodium dichloroisocyanutrate (short name “dichlor”). This has 55% available chlorine.  Granular chlorine and chlorine tablets contain cyanuric acid which is a stabliser to stop the chlorine being burnt off by the sun.

Liquid chlorine, like shock chlorine, does not contain cyanuric acid stabiliser. Liquid chorine is sodium hypochlorite and contains about 15% available chlorine. Other forms with 10% or lower concentrations are available and are used by dairy farmers for sterilisation and in household bleach.

How salt water chlorination works in swimming pools

July 22nd, 2011

Most people will know that that the best chemical for killing algae and bacteria in swimming pool water is Chlorine.


Most people will know that salt is Sodium Chloride, a Sodium atom bonded to a Chlorine atom. Chemical Symbol NaCl.

Most swimming pool owners know that they have to regularly buy “Chlorine” granules and throw them in their pool to kill algae and bacteria to keep their pool water clean and safe to swim in. It gets used up and you have  to go and buy more.

The more savvy pool owner will know that one of the types of  “Chlorine” he could use is actually Sodium Hypochlorite and when he adds it to water Hypochlorous Acid (HOCl) is formed and that is what actually kills stuff.  Sodium Hypochlorite  sounds a bit like Sodium Chloride – salt. Well it is close, but just putting salt in your pool will not kill bacteria  – you have to “hypo” it. To “hypo” it you have to add an Oxygen atom.  If you mix a lot of water (H2O) and little salt (NaCl) together and pass and electric current through it, greatly simplified, an Oxygen atom and a Hydrogen atom join up with a Chlorine atom and you get H + O+ Cl = HOCl, hypochlorous acid. Bingo! All bacteria dead and lovely clean pool water. That really is just about all there is to salt water chlorination except read on because it gets even better.

Strickly speaking it is not Chlorine that kills bacteria or algae it is the Oxygen that does the killing by oxidising the bacteria, the same reaction as burning something. Burning, setting fire to and oxidising are all the same thing, either way the bacteria is dead. So the Hypochlorous acid gives up its oxygen atom to burn the bacteria and the chlorine atom goes back in to the water. That is until it finds its way back to the electrodes of the salt water chlorinator and re-forms in to HOCl again and goes off looking for more bacteria to kill. Self regeneration, a never ending supply of hypochlorous acid means you never have to add sanitising chemicals to your pool water again.

So it is not hard to see why salt water chlorination is an ever more popular way to sanitise a swimming pool. Just add salt to the water and fit a set of clever electrodes called a salt water chlorinator and you can have pristine clean pool water and no need to add sanitising chemicals ever again. The high electrical current between the electrodes will also kill any algea spores in the water so although the hypochlorous acid would have got them anyway the electrodes killing them off mean you can lower the chlorine level down to about 0.5 ppm.

That is a brief explanation of how salt water chlorination works in swimming pools. Read the next article for the pros and cons of actually buying, fitting and using one.

The pros and cons of salt water chlorination for swimming pools

July 22nd, 2011

In Australia and South Africa nearly all the domestic swimming pools are sanitised using salt water chlorinators. In the UK very few swimming pools use salt water chlorinators. The Aussies think we are crazy not for using salt water chlorination, so what are the pros and the cons?

At PoolStore we have recently become converts to the idea of salt water chlorination. This is mainly down to the introduction of a new product that means you can retro fit a salt water chlorinator to your pool wheras before the units were installed when the pool was first built or had to be installed by a pool professional.

The biggest and most obvious advantage of salt water chlorination is that you never have to add any chemicals to your pool ever again. Cleaning chemicals that is – chlorine, algicides, clarifiers will be a thing of the past. All you will need is pH balance chemicals now and then. No more pulling back the cover and finding the water has gone green since you last looked at it. Provided you don’t switch it off your salt water chlorinator will keep your water pristine clean all season.

The water will “feel” much nicer. This is a difficult concept to explain but the water will feel softer and more inviting. Because the salt content is much closer to that of your eye water, red eyes and eye irritation will be greatly reduced. Your fingers will not go as “wrinkly” due to the salt content and you will not come out of the pool smelling of chlorine.

So with pristine clean water for ever and no chemicals what could possibly be the downside to salt water chlorination? Well not much really. Despite what the manufacturers might claim, the water does taste salty. Not very salty,  at 10 times less salt than the sea it is not unpleasant, and after a few weeks regular users will get used to the taste and barely notice it at all.

The installation process involves putting a lot of salt in your pool. Eight 25kg bags for a 50m3 (11,000 gallon) pool. But at least you only have to do it once. You will need to keep a few bags of salt on hand because as you top up after backwashing or evaporation you will need more salt sooner or later.

The biggest disadvatage is the cost. For a 12 x 24 pool a salt water chlorinator will cost about £850.00 and the salt will cost about £100.00.  That is about 10 years worth of chemicals but factor in never having to go out there and dose your pool, except for the pH now and then, and the pay back may well seem to come a lot quicker.

We like the Zodiac EI salt chlorinator because it can be retro fitted to just about any pool.

The Zodiac EI salt water chlorinator is our favourite

The Tiger bites back

June 10th, 2011

The launch of the Dolphin Supreme range has proved very successful for Maytronics so much so that it prompted its  competitor Hayward, the manufacturer of the Tiger Shark automatic swimming pool cleaner, to lower its price and chuck in some freebies.

The price of the cleaner was reduced from £1,226.00 to £1,150.00 and included a free caddy for carrying the cleaner around in and also a free set of filters. The filters are £70.00 so this was quite a generous offer.

The Tiger Shark works in much the same way as the Dolphin Supreme M4. An electric cleaner that work independantly of the pool’s filtration system. It has two paper filters to catch the finest of dirt. The Dolphin used to have a bag but has no gone over to paper filters also.

Tiger Shark Automatic Swimming Pool Cleaner

Tiger Shark Automatic Swimming Pool Cleaner

The offer expired on 31st July 2011 but call us and we may still be able to get a good deal for you.

Why algae grows in your pool in the summer

May 27th, 2011

This is an article about algae in swimming pools and it has got graphs in it. I am sometimes accused of being a bit nerdy, I don’t know why!

Algae need light to grow, strong sunshine is algae’s best friend. Just when we are getting our pools ready for the warm summer days the daylight hours start to increase, just what the alage need. It is worth taking a look at just how the light in the UK varies throught the year.

Below is a  graph on which the blue line is daylight hours.  Note how all through June and well in to July we get 16 hours of daylight per day compared with 8 hours in winter. Twice as much daylight in summer as in winter.

The Blue line is daylight hours, the Red line sunset time, the orange line sunrise time

The next graph shows the altitude of the sun. Note how in summer when the days are 16 hours long the sun is up to 60 degrees above the horizon but in winter is barely gets above 20 degrees. The lower the altitude the more atmosphere it has to penetrate, the lower the strength of the light. The opposite in summer lots of light and lots of strength.

The higher the sun the stronger the light



That is why algae grows so much more in the summer than it does in the winter. Light = food for algea, give something twice the amount of food and it will grow twice as much.

Comparing the Reprieve Pool and the Oracle Pool

May 19th, 2011

There are two new names in the above ground pool market for 2011 and they are the Reprieve and the Oracle.  [Don't blame us - we didn't come up with the names!] They have replaced the Reggata and the Equinox Pools. The Oracle Pool is just the Equinox re-named but the Reprieve is a brand new pool. But which is better?

The simple answer is the Oracle, but it is more expensive so you would expect that. Much of the difference between the two pools is in the detailing so, in the end, your choice may come down to which of the pools you prefer the look of.

So what are the differences? Well, the biggest difference is the Reprieve is 48 inches deep and the Oracle is 52 inches deep. The overall design and construction of the pools is very similar in that they are both metal sided with metal struts and top rails. They both come with all the necessary equipment to get them up and running and they both need the same sort of ground preparation before you errect them. The difference is in the detail.

The most obvious detail is the colour of the side walls. The Reprieve Pool has “wood effect” walls and a brown frame while the Oracle Pool has “silver leaf” sides with a Pewter frame.  Each comes with a nice patterned liner, the quality of the liner is equal in both pools but the patterns are different.

The Reprieve Pool has a 6 inch top rail, the Oracle Pool has an 8 inch top rail. The uprights on the Reprive are 4.5 inch on the Oracle they are 7 inch. So you can see that the Oracle is a more solid pool but then it needs to be because it holds more water than the Reprieve.

The 48 inch Reprieve has the "wood effect" exterior

The 52 inch Oracle has a grey exterior

Oracle's Liner is "beach tile"

Reprieve's Liner is "boulder"

Maytronics introduce a new range of automatic pool cleaners

February 16th, 2011

Maytronics, the manufacturer of the Dolphin range of automatic pool cleaners have introduced two new cleaners for 2011 to replace the Dolphin Magic and the Dolphin Dynamic Plus. The new pool cleaners are called the M4 and the M5. Externally they look exactly the same but internally there are some significant differences.

First we’ll look at how the M4, full name the Dolphin Supreme M4, has improved upon the Dolphin Magic and then we’ll look at how the M5 differs from the M4.

The Dolphin Supreme M4 and M5 look alike but differ internally


The most obvious change is in the colour from the orange case of the Dolphin Magic to a more understated blue for the M4 but the Dolphin Dynamic Plus was blue before so now it is not so easy to tell them apart.

Maytronics have introduced a third roller brush to the new models. This is to give extra scrubbing power to get algea of the floor of the pool and also means that the problem that some cleaners have of getting stuck on a raised main drain is eliminated.

The Dolphin Magic had a bag to collect the debris in and so could not pick up the fine dust in the way that the Tiger Shark can. That has changed with the M4 because it now has paper filters like the Tiger Shark in two versions, fine and ultrafine but it can also have a filter bag if you prefer. Bags are easier to clean but paper filter can collect finer dirt.

When you want to take the bag or filter out to clean it on all other automatic swimming pool cleaners you have turn them on their side because the filters come out from underneath the machine. On the M4 the filters come out from the top, quite a handy little improvement.

Like all top end automatic swimming pool cleaners the Dolphin Supreme M4 will climb the walls and clean the scumline by default.


The Dolphin Supreme M5 differs from the M4 mainly because it has a wireless remote control. If the cleaner has missed a bit you can send it in to the area and make it clean up. In rectangular pools this is rarely necessary but is a very useful feature if you have free-form or kidney shaped swimming pool. As well as this the M5 tells you when the filter needs cleaning by means of a light on the transformer and the wall climbing mode can be switched off if required.

In the league table of automatic swimming pool cleaners the Dolphin Supreme M4 and M5 are clearly on top. There is no better pool cleaner but they are not cheap. At £1,420.00 and £1,995.00 they are the most expensive pool cleaners but they are definitely the best.

MultiCylone Plus blows a wind of change through pool filtration

February 10th, 2011

Every year, every manufacturer claims to have produced a revolutionary new product that will change the way we look after our pools and on closer scrutiny they are just a reworking of an old product but the Multicyclone Plus is a genuine new product and we are very impressed by it.

New products that are a big improvement on what was there before are quite rare in the pool industry. The only two of note in the past few years were Sea Klear clarifier and the Nirvana Heat Pump. Now we can add the MutliCylone Plus to that very short list.

The MutliCylone Plus was developed from the MutliCylone which is a device that is placed in the pipework before a sand filter. It uses centrifugal force to pre-filter out about 80% of the dirt and so gives the sand filter much less work to do. The MutliCylone Plus takes the idea to the next logical level. If 80% of the dirt is gone then a paper filter can handle the remaining 20% quite easily. So a paper filter was placed on top of the MutliCylone and the MutliCylone Plus was born.

The technology inside the MutliCylone Plus is the same as is inside the Dyson carpet cleaner. Dyson have the patent for this technology for use in air, Waterco the manufacturer of the MutliCylone Plus have the patent for its use in water.

The MutliCylone Plus - a revolution in pool filtration



The pool water enters at the bottom and then goes through a bank of cyclones causing a vortex from which the dirt is spun out and gathers in the sediment bowl. From there the water goes through the paper filter which catches all the fine dirt that was not spun out. When the sediment bowl needs emptying just open the purge valve and only 15 litres of water is required to wash it out. The manufacturers claim that paper filter cartridge needs cleaning every 6 months but we recommend cleaning it every month or so with instant filter cleaner.

The advatages of the Multicyclone Plus include

  • It is much cheaper than a sand filter
  • It takes up much less space in your pool room than a sand filter
  • It is easier to maintain than a sand filter
  • No backwashing means a saving of thousands of litres of water
  • No backwashing means not having to heat up fresh water used to replace the backwash water
  • It is easy to install
  • No costly and time consuming sand changes.



So there must be some disadvatages to the MutliCylone Plus? Well, one big disadvatage is for the pool trade is that no filter sand changes are required so many will be reluctant to push it because it does them out of a lucrative source of work in the winter. The largest version of the MutliCylone Plus is big enough for a 75m3 pool. That is not particularly big, about a 10m x 5m or 16ft x 32ft pool. So owners of larger pools will not be able to use one on its own. Waterco do plan to develop the technology for bigger pools including comercial pools also though.

All in all we think this is a very good new product and are happy to promote it.

Installation is relatively simple. Typically you would install it directly above the outlet of your circulation pump. In the picture below a Salt Chlorinator is attached above it but in a normal installation a couple of 90 degree bends would take the pipe vertically downwards and back to the swimming pool return line. It is not very heavy and the pipes will support its weight. Alternatively there is a stand for it to sit on the ground.

The Multicyclone plus is typically installed directly above the pump outlet


What is worse than a bull in a china shop? – a bull in your swimming pool

October 20th, 2010

If you had a china shop and a bull wandered in at least you could shoo it out through the door.

Pity this poor pool owner then who found an escaped bull in his swimming pool. The two year old bovine beast was trying to make the aquaintance of some cows in a neighbouring field when he escaped and in trying to avoid re-capture burst through a fence and ended up in the pool.

"I think I'll go for a china shop next time"

Cow being lifted out of swimming pool

"Oh, how undignified!"


The pool had to be drained and the bull lifted out by a forklift with help from the fire brigade. The bull was unharmed and the pool only suffered minor damage.

Chlorine kills 99.9% of all germs – what about the other 0.1%? Flocculation is the answer.

October 13th, 2010

Although this is much more of a concern for large commercial pools it is important for domestic pool owners to understand the potential risks.

Despite Chlorine’s ability to kill just about anything organic there is one type of nasty that evades being killed by chlorine. Well two actually  - Cryptosporidium and Gardia but they are very similar. They are a protozoan organism that forms a hard, impermeable shell around itself that is resistant to attack from Chlorine.  The shell is called an oocyst and if ingested by a human it can cause severe diarrhoea. It is passed on via contact with said diarrhoea.

So if the oocysts get in to your pool and Chlorine will not kill them – what can you do? Well the good thing from our point of view is that the oocysts are quite big, 6 thousandths of a millimetre. That might not sound big and it is still small enough to pass straight through a sand filter but it is big compared to a bacterium. So we can use flocculation to get rid of them.

Flocculation is the process of combining lots of small items together to form one bigger item, like snowflakes combining to form a snowball.  Adding a flocculent to the water makes all the oocysts combine in to bigger lumps and those lumps will get held back by the filter.

The cheapest and most common form of flocculent used is Aluminium in the form of Aluminium Sulphate.  This is what is in Granular Floc and Floc Tablets.  Environmental authorities are not keen on Aluminium being dumped in to water courses from your backwash but there are two flocculants that are better and Aluminium free. The first is based on polyacrylamides and comes in gel form. Jolly Clear Cubes are such a flocculent. Better still is Sea Klear Clarifier. It is not only gathers up oocysts and any other contaminants it also gets rid of oils and oily scum from suncreams that can cause stains on your liner.

So in the armoury of the pool owner the main weapon is chemical sanitisers, Chlorine being the most popular one but we should not forget the importance of flocculation to get rid the nasties that chlorine cannot reach.

Natural Sea Klear Clarifier

Natural Sea Klear Clarifier

jelly clear cubes

Jelly Clear Cubes

Is this the ultimate above ground pool?

August 17th, 2010

Most people’s idea of an above ground pool is about 4ft above the ground but how about 650ft above the ground?

This new pool in Singapore spans across three huge hotel towers and is 150m long. With an infinity edge  that looks out over the skyline you need a good head for heights to take the plunge in this pool.

Life on the edge

A pool with a view

The last word in above ground pools

If you would like a pool like this it is yours for the bargain price of four billion pounds.

Bayrol withdraw Duo Tabs from sale

August 10th, 2010

Bayrol have annouced to the trade that they are withdrawing their non-chlorine alternative Duo Tabs from their range. Users of Duo Tabs are being advised to change to Soft & Easy.

Duo Tabs were introduced to the market 20 years ago and ten years ago Bayrol brought out Soft & Easy. The two products are essentially the same. The chemical make up is the same but one is in tablet form, the other in granular form. Because the tablets came out before the granules they built up a loyal following but here at PoolStore we sell 3 times as much of the granular product as we do the tablet form.

The cost implication to the change over should be favourable. Based on a 60 cubic metre pool with Duo Tabs you would use 2 tablet pairs per week at a cost of £12.66. With Soft and Easy you would use 3 sachet pairs at a cost of £9.19

The top four ways to kill algae in a swimming pool

August 6th, 2010

Algae growing in a swimming pool is a perenial problem for the swimming pool owner here we will examine the 4 most popular ways to get rid of it. These are

  1. Chlorine
  2. Copper
  3. Quats and Poly Quats
  4. Phosphate removal.


As we will see some of the above can be used to kill algae and some are only useful to prevent it forming in the first place. Algae can be introduced to the pool by rain, falling leaves, wind or even bathing suits transfering algae from one body of water to another. Planktonic clean water algae float on the surface of pool water while other types will attach and grow onto the pool floor or sides.  Many factors affect the development and growth rate of algae. Water temperature, sunlight, pH, mineral content and lack of chlorine residual of the pool water will all help to encouage algae development.

Chlorine.

Chlorine gets a bad press but since it was discovered that chlorine kills germs its use as a sanitiser in drinking water has saved millions of lives worldwide. Chlorine is the only chemical that acually kills algae. It acts in the same way as setting fire to the algae, it oxidises it.  When you have a bloom of green algae in your pool then by far the best thing to do it to blast it with a shock dose of unstabilised chlorine. What is not used up in killing the algae will be burnt off by the sunlight.

Copper

Copper does not kill algae it disrupts its metabolism and stops it reproducing. Copper can be introduced in to the water in two main ways as a chemical or by an ionizer. Too much copper can cause stains on concrete pools so chemicals that contain copper also contain a chelating agent, a stabiliser, that does not allow too much copper in to the water at any one time.

Quats and Poly Quats.

Quat is the short hand term for a family of chemicals called quaternary ammonium compounds.  Again they do not kill algae they disrupts its metabolism. Quats are short lived and you need to keep adding them to the water to keep algae at bay. They are a cheap chemical but they affect the surface tension of the water and cause it foam, foaming is perfectly normal but many pool users don’t like it. A high level of Quat will kill off an algae bloom but even so chlorine is still better for this so quats are usually used at lower levels as a preventative. Poly Quats or polymeric quaternary ammonium compounds are long chains of Quats and although they are more expensive they last longer and don’t cause foaming of the water. These are marketed as Long Life Algicides and are the popular form of Algicide in liquid form.

Phosphate Removers

All of the above chemicals act by meeting the algae head on and killing it. Phosphate removers act in a more subtle way. Algae must have phosphates present to be able to grow. Remove phosphates from the water and the algae are starved to death. Compounds of Lanthanum are used to react with the phosphate and precipitate it out where it is picked out by the filter.

All of the above methods are good at killing or preventing algae and you can mix and match any of them or even use all four methods.

Does using Bayrol Soft & Easy mean saying goodbye to Chlorine?

August 6th, 2010

PoolStore’s recommended non-chlorine alternative is Bayrol Soft and Easy.  For a comprehensive article on all the various non-chorine alternatives read our help and advice section on the main website. We like the Bayrol product because it is easy to use but it has a few shortcomings and this article will explain them.

Firstly let’s just re-cap on why you put chemicals in your pool. Two reasons. (1) to kill bacteria. (2) to kill or prevent algae. Bacteria and algae are living organisms, organic material and the way to kill them is to oxidise them. Oxidising organic material is the same as if you set fire to it. When you burn something it reacts with oxygen from the air and becomes something else, in the case of bacteria being oxidised it becomes dead.

So to kill bacteria you must add an oxidising chemical to the water and the favourite chemical to do this the world over is chlorine. But if you don’t want to use chlorine you could use a peroxide type chemical. The best known peroxide is hydrogen peroxide, used as rocket fuel and to bleach hair. In swimming pool chemicals they come in the form of persulphates and one of the two sachets in soft & easy contains a persulphate oxidiser that does a very good job of killing bacteria. Persulphate oxidisers are also know as Active Oxygen.

Although peroxides are a good oxidiser for killing bacteria, algae is a different matter. Peroxides are not a strong enough oxidiser to kill algae. Fortunatly there is more than one way to kill algae. One way is to add a chemical called a poly-quat to the water.  The other sachet in Soft & Easy contains a poly-quat  to attack the algae because the peroxide can not do it.

The problem that Soft & Easy has is that if you get an aggressive attack of algae the poly-quat part of it can not cope with the influx of algae and before to long your pool will start to look green. Algae reproduce at an alarming rate and if your pool is green you have live algae and need to kill it straightaway. The only way to kill algae quickly is with a shock dose of unstabilised chlorine. Provided you put enough in, the chlorine will kill the algae in hours and what is not used up in killing will be burnt off by the sun.

So it is not at all uncommon for a pool treated with Soft & Easy to go green from time to time so you will need to have some shock chlorine in reserve to kill off any algae that the copper can not cope with.

Chlorine Shock

Shock (unstabilised) Chlorine

bayrol soft and easy

Bayrol Soft & Easy